Diabetes mellitus is one of the metabolic diseases. In this case, the blood sugar level is chronically elevated. Various types of diabetes can be distinguished. The most common forms are Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Type 1 is an autoimmune disease. In this form, the immune system destroys the insulin-producing cells. Insulin ensures that sugar is absorbed into the cells. In Type 2, the cells no longer respond appropriately to insulin (insulin resistance), which is why the blood sugar level rises. Type 2 diabetes is often associated with obesity and an inactive lifestyle, but it can also involve genetic factors.

The elevated blood sugar level has numerous consequences. Among other things, neurological failures such as circulatory and sensory disorders can occur. Poorly perfused tissue can die off and insensitive areas can lead to open wounds due to pressure points.